General information
In Oregon, property taxes are assessed for real property, machinery and equipment, manufactured structures, business personal property, and floating property. Oregon has an ad valorem property tax system, which means the property taxes you pay are based on the value the county assessor establishes for your property.
The assessor estimates the value of most taxable property on January 1, prior to the beginning of the tax year. The tax year runs from July 1 through June 30. January 1 is called the "assessment date." The assessor's estimate of value will appear on the tax statement mailed to you in October.
The following terms and definitions are provided to help you understand how your property is valued and assessed.
- Real Market Value (RMV) is the value the assessor has estimated your property would sell for on the open market as of the assessment date. RMV appears on most property tax statements.
- Maximum Assessed Value (MAV) is the greater of 103 percent of the prior year's assessed value or 100 percent of the prior year's MAV. MAV is not limited to an increase of 3 percent if certain changes are made to your property. These changes are called exceptions. MAV does not appear on most tax statements.
- Assessed Value (AV) is the value used to calculate your tax. It is the lesser of RMV or MAV. Assessed value appears on your tax statement.
- Exception means a change to property, not including general ongoing maintenance and repair or minor construction. Changes that could affect maximum assessed value include new construction or additions, major remodeling or reconstruction, rezoning with use consistent with the change in zoning, a partition or subdivision, or a disqualification from special assessment or exemption. Minor construction is defined as additions of real property improvements with a real market value that does not exceed $10,000 in one assessment year or $25,000 over a period of five assessment years. Exception value does not appear on your tax statement.
- Specially Assessed Value (SAV) is a value established by statute. The legislature has created several programs that set lower assessed value levels for certain types of property. Each program has specific applications and use requirements. Examples of property that may qualify for special assessment are farmland, forestland, historic property, government-restricted low income multi-unit housing, and property that qualifies as "open space." SAV appears on most tax statements for property that is specially assessed.
Appealing to your county board of property tax appeals
Appealing to the county board of property tax appeals (BOPTA) is generally the first step in the appeal process. Most appeals start at this level.
You may appeal the current year real market, maximum assessed, specially assessed, or assessed value of your property.
The majority of appeals will be based on a difference of opinion between you and the assessor about RMV. In such cases, you will need to present evidence about the market value of your property as it existed on the assessment date. Evidence might include an appraisal report of your property done by an independent appraiser or a comparison of your property with similar properties that have recently sold in your area.
Comparing the value on the tax roll of your house to the value on the tax roll of your neighbor's house, or comparing the taxes you pay to the taxes your neighbor pays is generally not considered satisfactory evidence.
The following are examples in which an appeal of RMV may result in a tax benefit:
- The board reduces the RMV below the assessed value currently on the roll.
- Your property has recently been improved and the board reduces the value of the new construction.
- The board reduces the RMV of your property, and the reduction requires property taxes to be reduced to meet constitutional limits on the education and general government categories of your taxes. See Tax Limitation (Compression) at www.oregon.gov/DOR/PTD/property.shtml for more information.
If you wish to appeal the value of principal or secondary industrial property appraised by the Department of Revenue (DOR), you may file your appeal with either the Magistrate Division of the Tax Court or BOPTA. Both have the same filing deadlines.
The value of utilities and other centrally assessed property must be appealed to DOR on or before June 15 of the assessment year.
Penalties charged for late filing of a current year's real or personal property return may also be appealed to the board. The board may waive all or a portion of a penalty imposed for the late filing of a return if:
- You can prove there was good and sufficient cause for the late filing, or
- The year for which the return was filed was both the first year that a return was required to be filed and the first year you filed a return.
How to file your petition
You must file appeals between the date the tax statements are mailed and December 31. If December 31 falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the filing deadline moves to the next business day. File your petition with the county clerk's office in the county where the property is located. You can get the forms you need from your county clerk or county assessor's office. You may also download forms from www.oregon.gov/DOR/PTD.
If you are not the owner of the property, carefully read the petition instructions to learn if you are qualified to file the appeal.
The board will consider your appeal between the first Monday in February and April 15. If you choose to appear at the hearing, BOPTA will send you written notice of the time and location. If you choose not to appear, the board will make a decision based on the evidence you submit with the petition.
The board will notify you in writing of its decision. If you are not satisfied with the decision, you have the right to appeal as follows:
Appealing county board decisions
You may appeal a decision of BOPTA to the Magistrate Division of the Oregon Tax Court by filing a written complaint. The assessor may also appeal the board's decision. The fee for filing a complaint with the Magistrate Division is $25.
Complaints must be filed with the Magistrate Division within 30 days (not one month), after the board's order is mailed to you. You can download appeal forms from www.oregon.gov/OJD, or write to: Clerk, Oregon Tax Court, Magistrate Division, 1163 State Street, Salem OR 97301. You can also order forms by calling 503-986-5650 or by calling your county assessor.
Appealing magistrate decisions
You may appeal magistrate decisions to the Regular Division of the Oregon Tax Court. To appeal, file your complaint with the court clerk within 60 days (not two months) after the date of the magistrate's decision. The tax court clerk will notify you of the trial date and time.
A trial in the Regular Division of the Oregon Tax Court is a formal proceeding. Although you may represent yourself, most people prefer to be represented by a lawyer. If you are not satisfied with the tax court decision, you can appeal to the Oregon Supreme Court.
Failure to appeal to BOPTA
Under very limited circumstances, DOR or the Magistrate Division may be able to hear your appeal if you miss the deadline for filing with BOPTA. For more information about appealing to the department, see the publication Supervisory Power: Error Correction Procedure, 150-303-688. You may obtain a copy of this circular by calling the Property Tax Conference Unit at 503-945-8286, or from the website listed below.
Have questions? Need help?
General tax information
Salem: 503-378-4988
Toll-free from an Oregon prefix: 1-800-356-4222
Asistencia en español
En Salem o fuera de Oregon: 503-378-4988
Gratis de prefijo de Oregon: 1-800-356-4222
TTY (hearing or speech impaired; machine only):
Salem area or outside Oregon: 503-945-8617
Toll-free from an Oregon prefix: 1-800-886-7204
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): Call one of the help numbers above for information in alternative formats.
|
Comments(2)