For Landlords, the Numbers Are Starting to Look Better

Home prices are falling, rents are tumbling, and apartment vacancies are rising. So why are thousands of small investors becoming landlords?

Because real-estate prices have fallen much faster than rents, the math of buying a rental has actually improved substantially in most parts of the country. Money invested in an apartment complex today typically generates annual returns of 7% to 8% right off the bat, up from less than 6% at the peak of the housing bubble in 2006.

If your property appreciates in value or rents rise, you could end up with double-digit annualized returns when you sell it. But higher returns usually come with higher risks. If you overpay for a rental property or you buy in the wrong market at the wrong time, you can lose a lot of money.

In general, landlords should pick communities where real-estate prices and rents appear to have nearly bottomed out, and jobs are stabilizing. Some of the best deals are in places like Fort Worth, Texas, or Columbus, Ohio, where prices never went wild. Markets like Las Vegas and Phoenix, both plagued by overbuilding, and Detroit, hurt by auto-industry woes, still look dicey.

Being a landlord now isn't easy. You need good credit and plenty of cash—as much as 50% of the purchase price—because banks are still skittish about lending. You need extra cash for handling repairs and vacancies, and you must have the patience to deal with difficult renters.

If you buy an investment property, you should expect to hold it for three to five years or more. Much of the big money from quickly flipping properties already has been made, and conditions now favor long-term owners who want an investment that will throw off income and slowly gain value over time.

It's a great time for someone who is focused on increasing his net worth, rather than doubling his money in a short period of time.

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