Today I received a question from a trusted broker about the result of a foreclosure of a first mortgage upon the second mortgage. He told me that many brokers / agents provide advice to their clients (and non-clients) that if the first mortgage forecloses, the second mortgage gets nothing and is wiped out.
Without getting into the discussion of whether giving that advice is legal advice or not - the first thing to realize is that the advice is absolutely correct. The second thing to consider is that the advice is totally incorrect.
Let me explain.
A mortgage is actually two documents and two obligations.
The promissory note is the written obligation to repay money borrowed from the lender. The promissory note is independent and exists whether there is a mortgage or no mortgage. If there is a mortgage the promissory note is said to be "secured".
The mortgage is the security for the promissory note. It exists only to secure or collateralize the promissory note. Essentially it says if the promissory note is not paid, the collateral (the house) can be sold at public auction and the proceeds from the sale applied to the promissory note, which will either pay it off or reduce its balance.
If a first mortgage forecloses, that foreclosure has the potential of eliminating any junior liens, including the other mortgage.
However, the promissory note of the second mortgage does not disappear - it just becomes "unsecured".
Essentially, as a Vermont Judge graphically explained in a foreclosure case recently, "You can have a cow without a tail, but you cannot have a tail without a cow".
The answer therefore is the second mortgage gets wiped out, true - but the promissory note survives and the borrower still owes that money to the lender.
Brokers / Agents should be aware and careful of the word "mortgage" as it often can be thought of by laymen as the total loan obligation itself, when indeed it is only one added-on element of a promissory note.
[Note - for a thorough review of the foreclosure process, see: A LAWYER'S EXPLANATION OF THE FORECLOSURE PROCESS]
Copyright 2011 Richard P. Zaretsky, Esq.
Be sure to contact your own attorney for your state laws, and always consult your own attorney on any legal decision you need to make. This article is for information purposes and is not specific advice to any one reader.
Richard Zaretsky, Esq., RICHARD P. ZARETSKY P.A. ATTORNEYS AT LAW, 1655 PALM BEACH LAKES BLVD, SUITE 900, WEST PALM BEACH, FLORIDA 33401, PHONE 561 689 6660 RPZ99@Florida-Counsel.com - FLORIDA BAR BOARD CERTIFIED IN REAL ESTATE LAW - We assist Brokers and Sellers with Short Sales and Modifications and Consult with Brokers and Sellers Nationwide! Shortsales@Florida-Counsel.com New Website www.Florida-Counsel.com.
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