Special offer

MORTGAGE IS NOT AN OBLIGATION TO PAY - COMMON MISTAKEN ADVICE BY AGENTS

By
Real Estate Attorney with THE ZARETSKY LAW GROUP - Board Certified Real Estate Atty and AUTOMATED LAND TITLE COMPANY

Today I received a question from a trusted broker about the result of a foreclosure of a first mortgage upon the second mortgage.  He told me that many brokers / agents provide advice to their clients (and non-clients) that if the first mortgage forecloses, the second mortgage gets nothing and is wiped out.

Without getting into the discussion of whether giving that advice is legal advice or not - the first thing to realize is that the advice is absolutely correct.  The second thing to consider is that the advice is totally incorrect.

Let me explain.

A mortgage is actually two documents and two obligations. 

The promissory note is the written obligation to repay money borrowed from the lender.  The promissory note is independent and exists whether there is a mortgage or no mortgage.  If there is a mortgage the promissory note is said to be "secured".

The mortgage is the security for the promissory note.  It exists only to secure or collateralize the promissory note.  Essentially it says if the promissory note is not paid, the collateral (the house) can be sold at public auction and the proceeds from the sale applied to the promissory note, which will either pay it off or reduce its balance.

If a first mortgage forecloses, that foreclosure has the potential of eliminating any junior liens, including the other mortgage.

However, the promissory note of the second mortgage does not disappear - it just becomes "unsecured".

Essentially, as a Vermont Judge graphically explained in a foreclosure case recently, "You can have a cow without a tail, but you cannot have a tail without a cow".

The answer therefore is the second mortgage gets wiped out, true - but the promissory note survives and the borrower still owes that money to the lender.

Brokers / Agents should be aware and careful of the word "mortgage" as it often can be thought of by laymen as the total loan obligation itself, when indeed it is only one added-on element of a promissory note.

[Note - for a thorough review of the foreclosure process, see: A LAWYER'S EXPLANATION OF THE FORECLOSURE PROCESS]

Copyright 2011 Richard P. Zaretsky, Esq.

Be sure to contact your own attorney for your state laws, and always consult your own attorney on any legal decision you need to make.  This article is for information purposes and is not specific advice to any one reader.

Richard Zaretsky, Esq., RICHARD P. ZARETSKY P.A. ATTORNEYS AT LAW, 1655 PALM BEACH LAKES BLVD, SUITE 900, WEST PALM BEACH, FLORIDA 33401, PHONE 561 689 6660  RPZ99@Florida-Counsel.com - FLORIDA BAR BOARD CERTIFIED IN REAL ESTATE LAW - We assist Brokers and Sellers with Short Sales and Modifications and Consult with Brokers and Sellers Nationwide!  Shortsales@Florida-Counsel.com  New Website www.Florida-Counsel.com

See our easy to understand articles at:

TABLE OF CONTENTS - SHORT SALE AND LOAN MODIFICATION ARTICLES

Brad Rachielles
CENTURY 21 Peak, Ca BRE# 01489453 - Upland, CA
REALTOR, CDPE, Upland, CA

Thanks Richard.

Question for my own knowledge.... In a foreclosure resulting in an unsecured second promissory note, as this is no longer secured by real property, could this be set aside in bankrupcy court?

PS - I believe Ken (#27) has the sequence right.

Mar 08, 2011 04:35 AM
Christianne O'Malley
Dickson Realty - Reno, NV
Exceptional Service - Delivering Results in Reno!

Absolutely right! I run into this all the time when discussing short sales with people. They think 'let the banks foreclose' - then they can't come after me. There is foreclosure for the first, but there is breach of contract for junior lienholders. Just because the security is gone doesn't mean the debt is no longer due and payable. 

Mar 08, 2011 04:57 AM
Roger Davidson
DiSalle Real Estate Co. - Maumee, OH
Maumee, Ohio Real Estate

Great, easy to understand post.  I think we've all been through this in classes and just forgot it, as someone else said.  I always instruct my clients to engage the services of an experienced real estate attorney at the beginning of the short sale process.

Thanks

Mar 08, 2011 05:07 AM
Bill Gillhespy
16 Sunview Blvd - Fort Myers Beach, FL
Fort Myers Beach Realtor, Fort Myers Beach Agent - Homes & Condos

Hi Richard,  Very well  written and presented post.  The advice to refrain from giving legal advice cannot be overstated.

Mar 08, 2011 05:41 AM
Petra Norris
Lakeland Real Estate Group, Inc. - Lakeland, FL
Realtor, Lakeland FL Homes for Sale

Richard - I'm so glad we have you here on this platform.  You really explained it very well, so everyone can understand.

Mar 08, 2011 06:27 AM
Gabrielle Nemes
RE/MAX Realty South - Tumwater, WA
206.300.8421, S King & Pierce County RE Advocate

Thanks for the concise clarification! I think it is a commonly-held belief that the debt to the 2nd lienholder is wiped out during a foreclosure through the 1st. Like Lenn said, following foreclosure is often a bankruptcy; or the bankruptcy trustee handles the sale themselves to wipe both of the liens out. Having a real estate attorney on board is crucial when working short sales--it's clearly part of my short sale listing package!

Mar 08, 2011 06:53 AM
Richard Zaretsky
THE ZARETSKY LAW GROUP - Board Certified Real Estate Atty and AUTOMATED LAND TITLE COMPANY - West Palm Beach, FL
Florida Real Estate Attorney

Brad #36 - a Chapter 7 bankruptcy will extinguish any debt obligation of the debtor, which the unsecured debt (the cow) would be in this instance.

Mar 08, 2011 07:07 AM
Richard Zaretsky
THE ZARETSKY LAW GROUP - Board Certified Real Estate Atty and AUTOMATED LAND TITLE COMPANY - West Palm Beach, FL
Florida Real Estate Attorney

Kathleen - Richard in the comment following yours apparently found where the tail went!

Mar 08, 2011 07:15 AM
Richard Riley
RE/MAX Properties SW - Orlando, FL
CDPE, I.R.E.S.

Since the answers to so many questions clients ask border on or step over the line between real estate and law there can be only one conclusion for the cautious agent.  Attend mime school and incorporate your learnings into your real estate activities. 

Another timely and excellent post, Richard.  Thank you.

Mar 08, 2011 09:30 AM
Broker Patty Da Silva Da Silva
Green Realty Properties® - 954-667-7253 - Cooper City, FL
Top Listing Broker

Mortgages, promissory notes and cows without tails - my favorite 3 dinner party conversations topics.

 

Mar 08, 2011 12:05 PM
Rob Arnold
Sand Dollar Realty Group, Inc. - Altamonte Springs, FL
Metro Orlando Full Service - Investor Friendly & F

Great explanation of all this. There is so much mis-information distributed out there by people that should know better.

Mar 08, 2011 12:39 PM
Don Barrett
Integrity Real Estate Services - Idabel, OK

Spelled out well. No excuses now for anyone.  You've told it like it is!

Mar 08, 2011 02:05 PM
Christine Donovan
Donovan Blatt Realty - Costa Mesa, CA
Broker/Attorney 714-319-9751 DRE01267479 - Costa M

Richard - This is an important distinction for borrowers to understand and a well-written explanation.

Mar 08, 2011 03:02 PM
Jerry Morse
The Morse Company - Janesville, WI
BBA,GRI

It seems simple enough, but most people do not understand.  I think you made it easier for agents to comprehend.

Mar 08, 2011 03:38 PM
Jon Zolsky, Daytona Beach, FL
Daytona Condo Realty, 386-405-4408 - Daytona Beach, FL
Buy Daytona condos for heavenly good prices

Richard,

Really loved this "cow and tail" explanation. Not only true, but so much fun. For as long as we understand which is cow and which is tail - LOL 

Mar 08, 2011 03:53 PM
Gabe Sanders
Real Estate of Florida specializing in Martin County Residential Homes, Condos and Land Sales - Stuart, FL
Stuart Florida Real Estate

Great information Richard and very interesting stuff.  Wish we could re-blog this one.  

Mar 08, 2011 11:53 PM
Tracy McPeek
Cottonwood, CA

Thank you for the great information.  You made this sometimes confusing issue very easy to understand.

Mar 09, 2011 07:12 AM
Alex Echeandia
Primex Mortgage - Rockville, MD

Thank you for explaning that so clearly.

Mar 09, 2011 07:15 AM
Ben Hoadley
ERA Herman Group Real Estate - West Palm Beach, FL

Well put.  Thank you for posting!

Mar 09, 2011 07:52 AM
Richard Zaretsky
THE ZARETSKY LAW GROUP - Board Certified Real Estate Atty and AUTOMATED LAND TITLE COMPANY - West Palm Beach, FL
Florida Real Estate Attorney

Gabe -

Thanks - if you want to repost, my SEO guru's told me that you should just do an intro to the article and then point them to the actual article.  You can just copy and paste this link:

A MORTGAGE IS NOT AN OBLIGATION TO PAY

Mar 09, 2011 08:03 AM