Hard water refers to water that contains high levels of minerals - normally calcium and magnesium. Hard water is not considered a health risk. It is, however, a nuisance because of the mineral buildup it causes on fixtures and within machines and the negative effect it has on soap and detergent performance. Hard water negatively affects the performance of dishwashers, water heaters, pipes, and solar heating systems. Repeated exposure to hard water also dulls the colors of clothing.
A wide variety of treatment methods exist to reduce or soften hard water. Chemical water softeners, mechanical water softeners, and magnetic water conditioners are among the treatment methods. However, water drinkability can be harmed by softeners and conditioners.
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