In a competitive market, getting mortgage pre-approval is essential. It gives you a great bargaining tool when you're negotiating with sellers. Regardless of the market situation, pre-approval is also handy because it means that before you even start house-hunting, you've got a good idea of what you can afford.

Pre-approval versus Pre-qualification

Pre-qualification and pre-approval are similar processes. Having pre-qualification means that you have a general idea of how much mortgage you can afford, but it's not guaranteed that you will get that amount when you apply for the mortgage. Pre-approval takes the process a step further than pre-qualification, because the lender will verify your employment, income, assets, debts, and credit history, and you will receive a letter stating that your mortgage is approved for a certain amount of money, usually with a limit of between 30 and 90 days. That means you know exactly how much you have to spend, and sellers know that you're a serious customer.

Pre-approval has another advantage in that it saves you time when it comes to closing on a property - you've already been through about 90% of the mortgage application process. If you have pre-approval it means that all you need to finalize the mortgage is a purchase contract and a property appraisal. Being able to close quickly is an advantage in a competitive market, and in a slow one it may help you negotiate a great deal on a property.

Note that if you are pre-approved for a mortgage, you must notify your lender immediately if your financial circumstances change between pre-approval and closing, as your pre-approval may be invalidated.

Increase Your Chances of Pre-approval

Pay Your Debts
Any debt that you can't pay in full within six months will be included as part of your monthly debt total. And the higher your debt total, the lower the chances you have of getting pre-approved - if your monthly debt total exceeds about 36% of your gross monthly income, getting pre-approval may be difficult.

Don't Create New Debt
Your pre-approval is subject to an evaluation of your finances. If you're thinking about buying a home then it's a wise move to refrain from making any large credit purchases. It's estimated that every $100 a month you pay on a credit card reduces your home loan eligibility by $10,000.

Preparation
When you're preparing to apply for a mortgage pre-approval, there is a wide variety of supporting documentation you'll need to locate and have ready for the application process. This includes tax returns, pay stubs, evidence of any other income, bank statements, and debt payment booklets or account statements.

What to Do If You Have Bad Credit
When assessing your credit, mortgage lenders typically pad most attention to your FICO score. Some lenders won't even consider offering a mortgage to anyone with a FICO score of less than 680. So what do you do if your credit isn't that good?

• Check your credit reports - obtain a copy of your FICO score and credit reports and check to make sure there are no errors.
• If you can manage a larger down-payment, it may help your chances of getting pre-approved.
• Sub-prime mortgage lenders offer mortgages for people with credit problems. They usually involve paying a higher interest rate, however it's possible to get a sub-prime mortgage and then refinance to a conventional loan with a lower interest rate after a couple of years of rebuilding credit.