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Reprinted from Trulia Article 7/14/11 by Tara Nicholle-Nelson
"Most home buyers feel like they are bona fide real estate experts after all the studying up on loans and neighborhoods, online house hunting and open house visiting it takes just to get into contract on a home these days. But for all but the most handy of house hunters, getting into contract and starting the home inspection process only surfaces how little you actually know about the nuts and bolts and brick and mortar of the massive investment you're about to make: a home!
So, you hire a home inspector, but it seems like they're speaking an entirely different language - riddled with terms like "serviceable condition" and "conducive to deterioration" - about your dream home! Here are 5 questions you can use to decode your home inspector's findings into knowledge you can use to make smart decisions as a homebuyer - and homeowner.
1. How bad is it - really? The best home inspectors are pretty even keeled, emotionally speaking. They're not alarmists that blow little things up into big ones, nor do they try to play down the importance of things. They're all about the facts. But sometimes, that straightforwardness makes it hard for you, the home's buyer, to understand what's a big deal and what isn't so much - the information you need to know whether to move forward with the deal, whether to renegotiate and what to plan ahead for.
I've seen things categorized in home inspection reports under "Health and Safety Hazards" that cost less than $100 to fix, like replacing a faucet that has hot and cold reversed. And I've seen one-liners in inspection reports, like "extensive earth-to-wood contact" result, after further inspection, in foundation repair bids pricier than the whole cost of the home!
In many states, home inspectors are not legally able to provide you with a repair bid, but if you attend the inspection and simply ask them whether or not something they say needs fixing is a big deal, nine times out of ten they will verbally give you the information you need to understand the degree to which the issue is a serious problem (or not).
2. Who should I have fix that? I always ask this question of home inspectors, with dual motives. First, very often, the inspector's response is - "What do you mean? You don't need to pay someone to fix that. Go down to Home Depot, pick up a ___fill in the blank__, and here's how you pop it in. Should cost you $15 - tops." And that's useful information to know - it eliminates the horror of a laundry list of repairs and maintenance items at the end of an inspection report to know that a number of them are really DIY-type maintenance items. Even buyers who are really uncomfortable doing these things themselves then feel empowered to either (a) watch a few YouTube vids that show them how it's done, or (b) hire a handyperson to do these small fixes, knowing they shouldn't be too terribly costly.
And even on the larger repairs, your home inspector might be able to give you a few referrals to the plumbers, electricians or roofers you'll need to get bids from during your contingency period, which you may be able to use to negotiate with your home's seller, and to get the work done after you own the place. Dropping the inspector's name might get you an appointment booked with the urgency you need it in order to get your repair bids and estimates in hand before your contingency or objection period expires.
And same goes for any further inspections they recommend - if neither you nor your agent knows a specialist, as the general home inspector for a few referrals.
3. If this was your house, what would you fix, and when? Your home inspector's job is to point out everything, within the scope of the inspection, that might need repair, replacement, maintenance or furthe inspection - or seems like it might be on it's last leg. But they also tend to be experienced enough with homes to know that no home is perfect. Many times, I've asked this question about an item the inspector described as "at the end of its serviceable lifetime" and had them say, "I wouldn't do a thing to it. Just know that it could break in the next 5 months, or in the next 5 years. And keep your home warranty in effect, because that should cover it when it does break."
This question positions your home inspector to help you:
- understand what does and doesn't need to be repaired,
- prioritize the work you plan to do to your home (and budget or negotiate with the seller accordingly),
- get used to the constant maintenance that is part and parcel of homeownership, and
- understand the importance of having a home warranty plan.
4. Can you point that out to me? Often, when you attend the home inspection, you'll be multi-tasking, taking pictures of the interior, measuring for drapes or furniture, even meeting the neighbors, or fielding several inspectors at a time. Worst case scenario is to get home, open up the inspector's report and have no clue whatsoever what he or she was referring to when they called out the wax ring that needs replacement or the temperature-pressure release valve that is improperly installed.
Your best bet is to, at the end of the inspection, while you're all still in the property, just ask the inspector to take 10 or 15 minutes and walk you through the place, pointing out all the items they've noted need repair, maintenance or further inspection. When you get the report, then, you'll know what and where the various items belong. (One more best practice is to choose an inspector who takes digital pictures and inserts them into their reports!)
5. Can you show me how to work that? Many home inspectors are delighted to show you how to operate various mechanical or other systems in your home, and will walk you through the steps of operating everything from your thermostat, to your water heater, to your stove and dishwasher - and especially the emergency shutoffs for your gas, water and electrical utilities. This one single item is such a time and stress saver it alone is worth the lost income of missing a day of work to attend your inspections."
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3 Absolute Musts for Buying a Home - Without the Stress!
"Major money transactions are stressful. Moving is stressful. Big life commitments are stressful. Put 'em all together, and what do you have? The home buying process (and the potential for one of the most stressful life experiences you'll ever have)!
But even in this volatile market where distressed properties - and people! - are commonplace, it is possible to maintain your sanity in the midst of a real estate deal - I promise.
Here are 3 money, mindset and calendar management strategies for buying a home, without stressing entirely out.
1. Work the Boy Scout program: be prepared. Scrambling for money and documents that the lender, unexpectedly, "requires" to close has got to rank up there in the top couple of stressors that buyers experience. Once you get into contract and, especially, once you've removed contingencies and put your deposit money on the line, every request that your lender makes seems like a ransom demand for your home - and your life, as you'd planned it.
Avoid this scrambling by being prepared. If you are planning to buy a home down the road, consult a mortgage broker and real estate pro early on in your planning process, so you can know what kind of cash you'll realistically need to close the deal - before you start the buying process. You might keep hearing about 3.5% down FHA loans, but your local pros can reality check you that it might cost an addition 5 or 6% of the purchase price just to close such a loan, in your area and price range!
If they give you a range, err on the high side - penny-scraping buyers are generally the most stressed of them all, as they are the ones whose deals are most likely to be entirely derailed if there's an uptick in interest rates, say, during the time they are house hunting or in escrow, or if the homeowners' insurance costs a bit more than they planned.
And have all your documents ready, too - things like divorce decrees, tax returns, updated check stubs, documentation of bills that you've recently paid down or off , even driver's licenses (you wouldn't believe the number of people who can't produce ID when the notary needs it at the closing table!), keep all these items at the ready in case your lender requires them. By the same universal law that renders my dogs smarter and faster the wetter they get, it seems like lenders require the most documentation of the folks who have no idea where their most important papers are.
Last, but not least, there's also an education element of preparedness. Educate yourself about the standard practices and timelines for a real estate transaction in your local market (your agent will surely be able to brief you on this, and you can also peruse Trulia Voices Community to sample the experiences of other folks buying right now in your area.) If you're buying a bank-owned property or a short-sale, educate yourself about what this will entail - spend some time reading up on the rollercoaster of Wild Westiness (a mixed metaphor, I know, but still appropriate) that some distressed property sales can be, from the buyer's point of view.
When it comes to buying a home, realistic expectations will set you free. Stress-free, that is.
2. Keep your timelines as flexible as possible, as long as possible. Rarely does the sun set in America without some homebuyer (or 5) near you lying awake in bed wondering how long they'll have to:
a) keep bunking with their in-laws,
b) keep paying the nightly rate for the all-suite hotel down the street from the place they're buying,
c) keep paying the daily fee for the moving truck which is parked outside,
containing everything they own,
d) keep begging their landlord to please, please, please give them another 24 hours
- and they swearing they'll be out after that (even though they said that
yesterday!),
e) keep pushing back the vacation days they took off work for the move that seems like it will never happen, or
f) some combination or all of the above,
all because their escrow is not closing on the timeline they expected it to.
There are as many reasons for late escrow closings as there are insomniac homebuyers facing this issue: buyer's loan underwriting is taking too long, seller's short sale application is still being processed, appraisal is glitchy, bank-owned property asset manager is slow to produce the necessary signatures, and the list goes on.
More important than knowing the causes, though, is having the awareness that escrow closing dates are not set in stone until the end is very, very near - and that the problem of delayed closing comes up with ever-increasing frequency these days. Buyers who are trying to time their closing so that they move out of their apartment on the exact day they plan to close are likely to be disappointed - and temporarily homeless - in the current market climate.
Best practice is to plan on some overlapping days, weeks or even a month between the time you should be able to move into your next home, and the time you must be out of your current home, if you can afford it. Keep your moving plans flexible as long as possible - I've know a number of buyers who didn't realize their move would be delayed until they were signing their closing docs!
Also, it's sanity-making to try to keep some flexibility about your daily calendar while you are in escrow, lest you need to show up at the property and get some additional inspections, unexpectedly, which were recommended by your inspector. If you only have a couple of days before you must remove your inspection contingency, you might have to drop everything and stop in at the place for an hour here or there. You might also need to stop in at the bank - in person - to wire cash when it's time to increase your deposit or pay your down payment or closing costs into escrow. This cannot usually be done over the phone or outside of banker's hours, so if you can be a bit flexible for these outings, calendar-wise, you'll be in good shape.
3. Pre-approve the folks across the bargaining table from you. There's nothing worse than doing every thing you're supposed to do, then having the deal fall apart at the last minute, through no fault of your own. I've known scores of buyers whose short sales failed to get approved by the seller's bank and fell out of escrow as a result. I've also seen and heard from buyers whose deals died when their intended properties failed to meet the buyer's mortgage guidelines because of condition problems like incomplete kitchen remodel jobs, mold or electrical problems and high-cost pest report items that neither the buyer nor the seller can afford to repair.
These ailing transactions can be prevented by early diagnosis: vet the other party's qualifications and ability to close the deal, before you get into contract. For buyers, this can mean having your agent collect as much information as possible about the seller's equity position, how underwater the home is, which banks are involved and how successful the listing agent is at closing short sale transactions - all of these things can give your agent and yourself a big old clue as to whether a short sale is likely to close. Similarly, if you're getting an FHA loan, before you make an offer, walk through the property with your agent and troubleshoot it for condition problems that might come up during the appraisal.
With this information you can make an informed decision whether to move forward and try to buy the place; if you get into contract knowing it's a crap shoot, at least you'll have realistic expectations - the sort that are very difficult to disappoint."
By Tara-Nicholle Nelson, Published on Trulia 5/26/11
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