A "short sale" or "pre-foreclosure" occurs when a bank (or lien-holder) agrees to accept a discounted pay-off of a mortgage. In other words, the bank(s) will release the lien(s) that is secured on the real estate, upon receipt of LESS money than is actually owed. Why would any bank accept less than what is owed? Well, it must make financial sense for this to occur. Here's a scenario . . .assuming there is an offer, of course!
First off, the mortgage(s) in question is typically in some stage of default. The bank, faced with a mortgage that is not being paid, must decide whether selling at a discount makes better financial sense than actually going through a long & costly foreclosure process. In our current real estate climate (because of the increasing alarming rate of bank foreclosed properties), most institutions are deciding that short sales are a viable route. Remember, banks and other lending institutions are not in the business of owning real estate. They want good mortgages. Foreclosures are not only time-consuming, but they are expensive.
The bank will not accept just any offer, however. They will have the property appraised to establish approximate market value. If they can negotiate a sales price "close" to that figure, a short sale may then be consummated. If the short-sale offer is not considered valuable enough, then they may opt to foreclose, and eventually sell the property on the retail market once they obtain "possession." This is what we know of as a foreclosure property.
Short sales represent a tremendous purchase opportunity for buyers and especially investors. Since most transactions occur on a distressed level, many sales prices occur below appraised value giving the buyer "instant equity."
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