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What is a cracked heat exchanger?

By
Home Inspector with "A" TEAM Home Inspection, Inc.

At a recent inspection I was able to detect a defective gas furnace with a cracked heat exchanger which had been producing low level amounts of carbon monoxide some of which was entering the home. The house did have an alarm type CO detector but because ppm was under 50 the alarm dit id not activate.

The gas company "Red Tagged" the furnace confirming my judgement.  My client's had a new furnace installed prior to them moving into the home. The sad part of the story was the home had been inspected about a 10 days prior and this was not reported. The sellers were upset because they assumed that I was wrong with my inspection report.. I usually see  a couple of these a year. The small rust mark is the crack, there were 4 more carcks we we're able to see.

Everybody should have a digital readout style CO detector in their home in the bedroom hallway. Consistent reading over 9 ppm is not an emergency but you should look for possible sources. Never operate an "unvented" gas fireplace without a open window in the same room.

 

 

Comments(16)

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Tony & Darcy Cannon
Aubrey and Associates Realty - Layton, UT
The C Team

Paul, good job, and nice catch!  Good advice about the envented gas fireplaces, we have one in our basement that we don't even use.  (too costly)  No sense taking a chance with carbon monoxide.

May 13, 2008 06:37 PM
James Quarello
JRV Home Inspection Services, LLC - Wallingford, CT
Connecticut Home Inspector

Paul,

Better yet do not install or use unvented gas fireplaces. Besides the danger of using up O2 in the house they produce a lot of water vapor which results in condensation in the home.

One thing I would point about your inspection, I know of very, very few inspectors who would dismantle a furnace to view a heat exchanger. It goes way beyond the scope of a home inspection and the expertise of home inspectors. The other guy didn't miss it, he wasn't looking for it.

May 13, 2008 11:53 PM
Paul Luczyk
"A" TEAM Home Inspection, Inc. - Everett, WA
ASHI

Okay as Paul Harvey says, "Now for the rest of the story". As James & Mike indicated dismantling equipment is beyond the scope of standard home inspection including my ASHI SOP. I did not dismantle anything. The other inspector did miss a yellow flame and small amount of CO at the heat register. The HVAC contractor verified my call and told the sellers they had to replace the unit. I had an opportunity to return during the new furnace installation and add a couple of photos to my collection.

Yea, I wonder how the other guy missed this. The sellers were more than confused because they hired this guy for their prelisting inspection. Oh yea, their agent recommended him.

May 14, 2008 03:28 AM
Charles Buell
Charles Buell Inspections Inc. - Seattle, WA
Seattle Home Inspector

I would add that most inspectors don't own CO detectors:)

May 14, 2008 06:11 AM
Billy Boerner
STLhomeinspector.com - Saint Louis, MO
Home Inspector

I do :)  Paul you had me worried at first as well.  I was trying to figure out how in the world you saw that crack without dismantling lol.  Great catch!!

InterNACHI Ask the Inspector 

Jul 22, 2008 08:30 AM
Gene Allen
Fathom Realty - Cary, NC
Realty Consultant for Cary Real Estate

I guess experience and paying attention to detail pays off for you.  I would have called the other inspector and had a word or two with him.

Jul 22, 2008 02:16 PM
Nick Hodak
Pillar To Post - New Bern, NC

I would have to agree with Charles.  I do not own a CO detector.  Most HVAC systems in my area are heat pumps.  Reguardless of how the HVAC operates I always tell the client and make the recomendation in my report to have their HVAC system evaluated at least once/year by a licensed HVAC contractor to promote efficiency and ensure that the system is operating within manufacture specifications and that these routine checks should start as soon as possesion of the property is taken.

With this I tell the clients that a licensed HVAC contractor will most likely conduct a more thorough evaluation of the HVAC system than I do.  I have a lot of first time young home owners.

Sep 24, 2008 05:55 AM
Jack Feldmann
Clayton Inspection Service, Inc. - Knoxville, TN

A blind man may have been able to find this one. probably would have burned finger tips though. Those older Rheem gas paks are notorious for cracks, and they seem to all be in the same general location. I always take the time to remove all those screws to look inside those units.

Just a note, in case you didn't know, don't operate the burners with the covers off, or the flame roll out sensor will go off, and you will be paying for a repair bill.

 

It's amazing the stuff we find - if we look for it.

 

rheem

Oct 27, 2008 07:05 AM
Steve Hall
RE/MAX United - San Marcos, CA
Make the Call to Hankins and Hall

It seems like a very good idea to use a CO detector. Is the use of this type of equipment beyond the scope of the ASHI SOP?

Oct 27, 2008 09:17 AM
Charles Buell
Charles Buell Inspections Inc. - Seattle, WA
Seattle Home Inspector

Steve, the SOPs of all of the Associations I am aware of are "minimum" standards and the use of any of this sort of equipment would be considered "outside" of a "Standard Home Inspection." 

Oct 27, 2008 09:29 AM
Steve Hall
RE/MAX United - San Marcos, CA
Make the Call to Hankins and Hall

Charles - You are everywhere! :)

Oct 27, 2008 09:54 AM
Charles Buell
Charles Buell Inspections Inc. - Seattle, WA
Seattle Home Inspector

Steve----remember Chicken Man?  He's everywhere he's everywhere....:)

Oct 27, 2008 10:18 AM
Michael J. Ashburn
Ashburn Inspections, Llc - Pittsburgh, PA

Nice catch Paul, I always use a CO detector and if possible my borescope to see as much as the exchanger as possible.  I have seen several cracks, on newer units, like you pointed out with no apparent CO after the unit was heated and the exchanger expands to close those smaller cracks.  I have had 2 HVAC persons tell me that the small cracks I found relased no CO so there was no way it was a crack that what I was viewing was weld seams along the vertical walls.  What can you do when the "designated professional " disputes your results.  I had to go to these homes 2 more times to show them what I had seen.  They ended up being wrong and apologized since they only used their CO sniffers to test.   

Oct 28, 2008 11:36 PM
Jim Allhiser
Perfection Inspection, Inc. - Salem, OR
Salem, Oregon Home Inspector

Nice catch.  I was wondering how you got those pics!  Flame color and attitude is very important to pay attention to.

I had a client that paid me for and inspection but the gas was not on.  He wanted the furnace looked at but didn't want to pay me again.  He said the furnace "looked," pretty good and I told him I hoped that he was right!

Jan 10, 2009 01:42 AM
Paul Duffau
Safe@Home Inspections, LLC in SE Washington - Asotin, WA
Caring for People, Educating about Homes

Good timing on this article.  I have been having issues with some Realtors regarding heat exchangers and several of our HVAC companies (and a couple Electrical too) play to the Realtor and will tell them that a suspect furnace is "okay".  Nevermind it's 35 years old and rust is flaking off the exchanger.

So, I'm in the market for a CO detector to back up my findings.

Any suggestions?

 

Paul D.

Jan 15, 2009 03:37 AM
Paul Duffau
Safe@Home Inspections, LLC in SE Washington - Asotin, WA
Caring for People, Educating about Homes

Thanks, Paul.  I'll see if I can find some locally (rural area so I won't find any suppliers carrying them) at the HVAC companies.  They're probably using higher end units but it'll give me something to judge by.

 

 

Jan 19, 2009 01:04 AM